Look at the words on the left, and then look at the exact same words on the right. What changed?
Did you spot the difference? When we want to make a word specific (Definite), two things happen:
We attach "AL" (ال) to the beginning. This is exactly like the word "The" in English.
The double vowel (Tanween) at the end drops down to a single vowel.
AL (ال) and Tanween (ٌ ٍ ً) form a magnetic repulsion. They NEVER exist on the same word together. It is an impossible grammatical error in Arabic.
Turn these general nouns into specific ones by adding "AL" and knocking off the Tanween.